畜产品中兽药残留原因及危害

在畜禽饲养管理过程中使用违禁药物或滥用药物,使用饲料添加剂或超量用药,不遵守休药期规定等均可引起畜产品兽药残留。同时饲养环境遭到污染也能致使药物残留,并且我国关于食品安全的法律法规不健全、监管力度不够等,致使畜产品中药物残留问题更加严重。人体摄入存在药物残留的食品后,不仅会引起急性、慢性或蓄积性中毒,还会致使机体细菌产生耐药性,甚至污染整个生活环境等。     

规模化养猪场疾病防控

养猪场以前饲养数量较少时采用传统的综合防控措施,如免疫接种、药物预防和治疗等,在疾病防控方面都起到关键作用且效果明显,但是随着饲养数量增加,只采用上述措施远远不够,应树立创新理念和生物安全措施,才能更有效的防控疾病发生。     

种草养畜与草场建设综合配套技术

畜牧业快速发展,对于牧草资源需求量越来越大,为更好地满足畜牧业发展需求,我国提出“种草养畜”技术理念,加快草场建设,能在保障畜牧养殖业稳定发展的同时,达到良好的生态环保效益。该文分析种草养畜技术理念的意义,着重探讨种草养畜和草场建设综合配套技术。     

牛羊养殖中前胃疾病鉴别诊断方法

牛羊都是反刍动物,它们拥有4个胃,分别是瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃和真胃。前3个胃统称为前胃,在前胃中有大量的可以分解和消化饲料中粗纤维的细菌,是牛羊以粗饲料作为主要食物的原因之一。很多牛羊非常容易出现前胃疾病,饲养人员要掌握牛羊前胃疾病的预防办法和治疗措施。     

高粱根际微生物研究进展

根据近年来国内外关于高粱根际微生物的研究成果,综述了高粱根际微生物的多样性、主要影响因素、高粱根际微生物对高粱生长的影响、根际促生菌对高粱重金属携带能力的影响及土壤的生物修复等最新研究进展,这些研究成果分析了高粱根际微生物多样性对植株生长、生态环境等的影响意义及交互作用,并展望了今后高粱根际微生物方向需要深入研究的问题,从多组学、功能性状和全球变化等多角度认识高粱根际微生物,为高粱的科学生产种植及利用提供更多思路。     

雏鹅死亡原因及防治措施

鹅是草食水禽类动物,具有独特的生物学特征和生理特征。雏鹅是指21日龄内的小鹅,该阶段鹅绒毛稀少,身体较小,体温调节能力不足,消化机能不健全,对外界环境的适应能力和抗病能力普遍较弱,一旦饲养管理不当,没有进行妥善的疫苗免疫接种,易造成病原的传播流行,引发死亡。在雏鹅阶段,应充分掌握引发死亡的具体原因,并从养殖管理等诸多环节入手,为雏鹅营造健康舒适的生长环境,提高群体的身体抵抗能力,降低发病率和死亡率,确保养殖安全。该文主要结合一个鹅场的养殖案例,论述引起雏鹅死亡的原因,并提出相应的防治措施。     

鸡呼吸道疾病鉴别诊断与防治

呼吸道疾病是目前威胁鸡养殖产业健康发展的一类重大动物疫病,呼吸道疾病的病原种类多种多样,且造成的临床症状大致相同,诊断难度较大,如果没有进行妥善有效的鉴别、诊断,易造成整体的治疗方案缺乏针对性,难以在短时间内控制病情,错过最佳的防控时期。鸡呼吸道疾病常常混合感染并发感染,2种以上的病原相互叠加表现的临床症状复杂,诊断难度更大。该文主要论述鸡呼吸道疾病的鉴别诊断和防治措施。     

Necrotic enteritis challenge regulates peroxisome proliferator-1 activated receptors signaling and β-oxidation pathways in broiler chickens

Necrotic enteritis (NE) is an important enteric disease in poultry and has become a major concern in poultry production in the post-antibiotic era. The infection with NE can damage the intestinal mucosa of the birds leading to impaired health and, thus, productivity. To gain a better understanding of how NE impacts the gut function of infected broilers, global mRNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed in the jejunum tissue of NE challenged and non-challenged broilers to identify the pathways and genes affected by this disease. Briefly, to induce NE, birds in the challenge group were inoculated with 1 mL of Eimeria species on day 9 followed by 1 mL of approximately 10⁸ CFU/mL of a NetB producing Clostridium perfringens on days 14 and 15. On day 16, 2 birds in each treatment were randomly selected and euthanized and the whole intestinal tract was evaluated for lesion scores. Duodenum tissue samples from one of the euthanized birds of each replicate (n = 4) was used for histology, and the jejunum tissue for RNA extraction. RNA-seq analysis was performed with an Illumina RNA HiSeq 2000 sequencer. The differentially expressed genes (DEG) were identified and functional analysis was performed in DAVID to find protein–protein interactions (PPI). At a false discovery rate threshold <0.05, a total of 377 DEG (207 upregulated and 170 downregulated) DEG were identified. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that DEG were considerably enriched in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling (P < 0.01) and β-oxidation pathways (P < 0.05). The DEG were mostly related to fatty acid metabolism and degradation (cluster of differentiation 36 [CD36], acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member-1 [ACSBG1], fatty acid-binding protein-1 and -2 [FABP1] and [FABP2]; and acyl-coenzyme A synthetase-1 [ACSL1]), bile acid production and transportation (acyl-CoA oxidase-2 [ACOX2], apical sodium–bile acid transporter [ASBT]) and essential genes in the immune system (interferon-, [IFN-γ], LCK proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase [LCK], zeta chain of T cell receptor associated protein kinase 70 kDa [ZAP70], and aconitate decarboxylase 1 [ACOD1]). Our data revealed that pathways related to fatty acid digestion were significantly compromised which thereby could have affected metabolic and immune responses in NE infected birds.     

萝卜各级分枝种子质量比较

对萝卜各级分枝种子质量检验表明，萝卜各级分枝种子质量不一，以主轴顶端和基部新发枝种子质量最差，3级分枝种子质量最好，2分枝和1级分枝稍次。各分枝种子播种后，幼苗质量与种子室内检验质量结果相统一，1级、2级、分枝种子收获量最多，分别为种子收获总量的45％和38％。     

灌溉设备产品信息与报价系统的开发

本文介绍了开发灌溉设备产品信息与报价系统的必要性及功能 ,较系统地阐述了该软件系统的实现思路 ,并对其应用前景作了初步预测